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(800) 339-9140 or (919)303-2525 CERTIFIED PLUS HOME INSPECTIONS
Greensboro, North Carolina Home Inspection Company
Serving Greensboro and Surrounding Areas MONEY BACK GUARANTEE! Prices Start at $199
Greensboro North Carolina Licensed Home Inspector #2173
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RALEIGH NC HOME INSPECTION PRICES STARTING AT $199 FOR A NORTH CAROLINA HOME INSPECTION BY A STATE CERTIFIED NC HOME INSPECTOR. STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA / NC LICENSED ASHI, NACHI CERTIFIED, NORTH CAROLINA INSPECTORS, HOME INSPECTION SERVICES FOR ALAMANCE, CHATHAM, JOHNSTON, LEE, ORANGE, WAKE. TOWNS AND SURROUNDING AREAS CHAPEL HILL, HILLSBOROUGH, RALEIGH, NC, APEX, NC, DURHAM, NC, CARY,
GUILFORD
NC COUNTIES.
Certified Plus
Home Inspection is now servicing Greensboro and the Eastern
part of Guilford County.
Areas and towns
serviced in Guilford County:
Greensboro and the surrounding towns- ALLEN JAY, BAKERTOWN,
BESSEMER, BRIGHTWOOD NC, GREENSBORO NORTH CAROLINA, BROADVIEW,
BROWNS SUMMIT, CLIMAX, COLFAX, DEEP RIVER NC, GREENSBORO NC,
GUILFORD COUNTY NC, EAST WHITE OAK, EDGEVILLE, FAIRFIELD
GUILFORD COUNTY NORTH CAROLINA, FISHER PARK, FLORENCE, FOREST
OAKS, FREEMAN MILL, FRIENDSHIP, GIBSONVILLE NORTH CAROLINA,
GLENWOOD, GREENSBORO NC, GROOMETOWN, GUILFORD, GUILFORD
COLLEGE NC, HAMILTON LAKES, HIGH POINT NC, HIGHLAND PARK,
HILLSDALE, HILLTOP, IRVING PARK, JAMESTOWN NORTH CAROLINA,
JULIAN, KICKMAN CROSSING, KOOTZVILLE, LAKE DANIAL,LAKEWOOD NC,
LATHAM PARK, LATHAM TOWN, LINDLEY PARK, MCADOO HEIGHTS,
GREENSBORO GUILFORD COUNTY NORTH CAROLINA, MCLEANSVILLE, MILES
CROSSROADS, MONTICELLO, MOUNT ZION NC, NOCHO PARK, NORTH HYDE
PARK, OAK GROVE, OAKDALE, OAKWOOD, OSCELO, PIEDMONT HEIGHTS
NORTH CAROLINA, PINECROFT, PLEASANT GARDEN NC, POMONA,
GREENSBORO NC, PROXIMITY, RANKIN, REVOLUTION, ROCKY KNOLL NC,
RUDD, SCOTT PARK, SEDALIA NORTH CAROLINA, SEDGEFIELD, SEDGE
TOWN, SHERWOOD VILLAGE, SPRINGFIELD, STARMOUNT FOREST,
STEWARTS MILL, SUNSET HILLS NC, TERRA COTTA, TROXLERS MILL NC,
VANDALIA, WESTERWOOD, WHITE OAK GUILFORD COUNTY, WHITSETT NC,
GREENSBORO NC.
Settlement
Information -Greensboro, NC
Congratulations! You have decided to buy a new home. This
article will help you take this big financial step by
describing the home-buying, home-financing, and settlement
process. Lenders and mortgage brokers are required by federal
law under the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (“RESPA”)
to give you this information. You should receive it when
applying for a loan, or within three business days afterward.
Real estate brokers frequently hand out a booklet, as well.
You probably started the home-buying process in one of two
ways: you saw a home you were interested in buying, or you
consulted a lender to figure out how much money you could
borrow before you found a home (sometimes called
pre-qualifying). The next step is to sign an agreement of sale
with the seller, followed by applying for a loan to purchase
your new home. The final step is called “settlement” or
“closing,” where the legal title to the property is
transferred to you. At each of these steps, you often have the
opportunity to negotiate the terms, conditions and costs to
your advantage. You will also need to shop carefully to get
the best value for your money. There is no standard
home-buying process used in all localities. Your actual
experience may vary from those described here. This article
will take you through the general steps to buying a home in
order to eliminate, as much as possible, the mysteries of the
settlement process.
(Read more below.)
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PRICES - START AT $199 - The price is set according to the size of the house. Call for exact prices for your North Carolina real estate home inspection. |
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REPORT - ON SITE SUMMARY REPORT - At the end of the home inspection, you will receive a summary report of the repairs. You are now ready to negotiate any repairs right after the inspection. |
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MONEY BACK GUARANTEE - Our home inspectors are professionals. We are one of the few companies that offer a money back guarantee. If you are not satisfied with our home inspection, we will gladly refund your money. |
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APPLIANCES - All appliances that are purchased with the house will be tested at no extra charge. Appliances such as the dishwasher, stove, refrigerator and the washer and dryer. |
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Buying and Financing a Home
The Role of the Real Estate Broker
Frequently, the first person you consult about buying a home
is a real estate agent or broker. Although real estate brokers
provide helpful advice on many aspects of home-buying, they
may serve the interests of the seller, and not your interests
as the buyer. The most common practice is for the seller to
hire the broker to find someone who will be willing to buy the
home on terms and conditions that are acceptable to the
seller. Therefore, the real estate broker you are dealing with
may also represent the seller. However, you can hire your own
real estate broker, known as a buyer’s broker, to represent
your interests. Also, in some states, agents and brokers are
allowed to represent both buyer and seller. Even if the real
estate broker represents the seller, state real estate
licensing laws usually require that the broker treat you
fairly. If you have any questions concerning the behavior of
an agent or broker, you should contact your state’s Real
Estate Commission or licensing department. Sometimes, the real
estate broker will offer to help you obtain a mortgage loan.
He or she may also recommend that you deal with a particular
lender, title company, attorney or settlement/closing agent.
You are not required to follow the real estate broker’s
recommendation. You should compare the costs and services
offered by other providers with those recommended by the real
estate broker.
Selecting an Attorney
Before you sign an agreement of sale, you might consider
asking an attorney to look it over and tell you if it protects
your interests. If you have already signed your agreement of
sale, you might still consider having an attorney review it.
An attorney can also help you prepare for the settlement. In
some areas, attorneys act as settlement/closing agents or as
escrow agents to handle the settlement. An attorney who does
this will not solely represent your interests, since, as the
settlement/closing agent, they may also be representing the
seller, the lender, and others, as well.
Please note that in many areas of the country, attorneys are
not normally involved in the home sale. For example, escrow
agents or escrow companies in western states handle the
paperwork to transfer title without any attorney involvement.
If choosing an attorney, you should shop around and ask what
services will be performed for what fee. Find out whether the
attorney is experienced in representing home buyers. You may
wish to ask the attorney questions such as:
- What is the charge for
negotiating the agreement of sale, reviewing documents, and
giving advice concerning those documents, as well as for
being present at the settlement, or for reviewing
instructions to the escrow agent or company?
- Will the attorney represent
anyone other than you in the transaction?
- Will the attorney be paid by
anyone other than you in the transaction?
Terms of the Agreement of
Sale
Before you sign an agreement of sale, here are some important
points to consider. The real estate broker probably will give
you a pre-printed form of agreement of sale. You may make
changes or additions to the form agreement, but the seller
must agree to every change you make. You should also agree
with the seller on when you will move in and what appliances
and personal property will be sold with the home. Some
importants terms:
sales price: For most home purchasers, the sales
price is the most important term. Recognize that other
non-monetary terms of the agreement are also important.
title: The "title” refers to the legal ownership
of your new home. The seller should provide the title, free
and clear of all claims by others against your new home.
Claims by others against your new home are sometimes known as
“liens” or “encumbrances.” You may negotiate who will pay for
the title search, which will tell you whether the title is
"clear."
mortgage clause: The agreement of sale should provide that
your deposit will be refunded if the sale has to be canceled
because you are unable to get a mortgage loan. For example,
your agreement of sale could allow the purchase to be canceled
if you cannot obtain mortgage financing at an interest rate at
or below a rate you specify in the agreement.
pests: Your lender will require a certificate
from a qualified inspector stating that the home is free from
termites and other pests and pest damage. You may want to
reserve the right to cancel the agreement or seek immediate
treatment and repairs by the seller if pest damage is found.
home inspection: It is a good idea to have the
home inspected. Never hire an inspector who is not a member of
InterNACHI. Unqualified inspectors charge less but they will
cost you in the long run. An inspection should determine the
condition of the plumbing, heating, cooling and electrical
systems. The structure should also be examined to assure it is
sound, and to determine the condition of the roof, siding,
windows and doors. The lot should be graded away from the
house so that water does not drain toward the house and into
the basement. Most buyers prefer to pay for these inspections
so that the inspector is working for them, not the seller. You
may wish to include in your agreement of sale the right to
cancel, if you are not satisfied with the inspection results.
In that case, you may want to re-negotiate for a lower sale
price or require the seller to make repairs.
lead-based paint hazards in housing built before 1978:
If you buy a home built before 1978, you have certain rights
concerning lead-based paint and lead-poisoning hazards. The
seller or sales agent must give you the EPA pamphlet titled
“Protect Your Family From Lead in Your Home,” or other
EPA-approved lead-hazard information. The seller or sales
agent must tell you what the seller actually knows about the
home’s lead-based paint or lead-based paint hazards, and give
you any relevant records or reports.
You have at least 10 days to do an inspection or
risk-assessment for lead-based paint or lead-based paint
hazards. However, to have the right to cancel the sale based
on the results of an inspection or risk-assessment, you will
need to negotiate this condition with the seller.
Finally, the seller must attach a disclosure form to the
agreement of sale which will include a Lead Warning Statement.
You, the seller, and the sales agent will sign an
acknowledgment that these notification requirements have been
satisfied.
other environmental concerns: Your city or state
may have laws requiring buyers or sellers to test for
environmental hazards, such as leaking underground oil tanks,
the presence of radon or asbestos, lead water pipes, and other
such hazards, and to take the steps to clean up any such
hazards. You may negotiate who will pay for the costs of any
required testing and/or clean up.
sharing of expenses: You need to agree with the
seller about how expenses related to the property, such as
taxes, water and sewer charges, condominium fees, and utility
bills, are to be divided on the date of settlement. Unless you
agree otherwise, you should only be responsible for the
portion of these expenses owed after the date of sale.
settlement agent/escrow agent or company:
Depending on local practices, you may have an option to select
the settlement agent or escrow agent or company. For states
where an escrow agent or company will handle the settlement,
the buyer, seller and lender will provide instructions.
settlement costs: You can negotiate which settlement costs you
will pay and which will be paid by the seller.
Shopping For a Loan.
Your choice of lender and type of loan will influence not only
your settlement costs, but also the monthly cost of your
mortgage loan. There are many types of lenders and types of
loans you can choose. You may be familiar with banks, savings
associations, mortgage companies and credit unions, many of
which provide home mortgage loans. You may find a listing of
some mortgage lenders in the Yellow Pages or a listing of
rates in your local newspaper.
mortgage brokers: Some companies known as
“mortgage brokers” offer to find you a mortgage lender willing
to make you a loan. A mortgage broker may operate as an
independent business and may not be operating as your “agent”
or representative. Your mortgage broker may be paid by the
lender, you as the borrower, or both. You may wish to ask
about the fees that the mortgage broker will receive for its
services.
government programs: You may be eligible for a
loan insured through the Federal Housing Administration (FHA)
or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs, or
similar programs operated by cities and states. These programs
usually require a smaller down payment. Ask lenders about
these programs. You can get more information about these
programs from the agencies that run them.
CLOs: Computer loan origination systems, or CLOs,
are computer terminals sometimes available in real estate
offices or other locations to help you sort through the
various types of loans offered by different lenders. The CLO
operator may charge a fee for the services the CLO offers.
This fee may be paid by you or by the lender that you select.
types of loans: Loans can have a fixed interest
rate or a variable interest rate. Fixed-rate loans have the
same principal and interest payments during the loan term.
Variable rate loans can have any one of a number of “indexes”
and “margins” which determine how and when the rate and
payment amount change. If you apply for a variable-rate loan,
also known as an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), a disclosure
and booklet required by the Truth in Lending Act will further
describe the ARM. Most loans can be repaid over a term of 30
years or less. Most loans have equal monthly payments. The
amounts can change from time to time on an ARM, depending on
changes in the interest rate. Some loans have short terms and
a large final payment called a “balloon” payment. You should
shop for the type of home mortgage loan terms that best suit
your needs.
interest rate, points and other fees: Often, the
price of a home mortgage loan is stated in terms of an
interest rate, points, and other fees. A “point” is a fee that
equals 1% of the loan amount. Points are usually paid to the
lender, mortgage broker, or both, at the settlement or upon
the completion of the escrow. Often, you can pay fewer points
in exchange for a higher interest rate or more points for a
lower rate. Ask your lender or mortgage broker about points
and other fees.
A document called the Truth in Lending Disclosure Statement
will show you the “Annual Percentage Rate” (APR) and other
payment information for the loan you have applied for. The APR
takes into account not only the interest rate, but also the
points, mortgage broker fees, and certain other fees that you
have to pay. Ask for the APR before you apply to help you shop
for the loan that is best for you. Also ask if your loan will
have a charge or a fee for paying all or part of the loan
before payment is due (a “pre-payment penalty”). You may be
able to negotiate the terms of the pre-payment penalty.
lender-required settlement costs: Your lender
may require you to obtain certain settlement services, such as
a new survey, mortgage insurance, or title insurance. It may
also order and charge you for other settlement-related
services, such as the appraisal or a credit report. A lender
may also charge other fees, such as fees for loan processing,
document preparation, underwriting, flood certification, or an
application fee. You may wish to ask for an estimate of fees
and settlement costs before choosing a lender. Some lenders
offer “no-cost” or “no-point” loans, but normally cover these
fees or costs by charging a higher interest rate.
comparing loan costs: Comparing APRs may be an effective way
to shop for a loan. However, you must compare similar loan
products for the same loan amount. For example, compare two
30-year fixed rate loans for $100,000. Loan A with an APR of
8.35% is less costly than Loan B with an APR of 8.65% over the
loan term. However, before you decide on a loan, you should
consider the up-front cash you will be required to pay for
each of the two loans, as well.
Another effective shopping technique is to compare identical
loans with different up-front points and other fees. For
example, if you are offered two 30-year fixed-rate loans for
$100,000 at 8%, the monthly payments are the same, but the
up-front costs are different:
- Loan A: 2 points ($2,000)
and lender-required costs of $1,800 = $3,800 in costs
- Loan B: 2-1/4 points
($2,250) and lender-required costs of $1,200 = $3,450 in
costs
A comparison of the up-front
costs shows that Loan B requires $350 less in up-front cash
than Loan A. However, your individual situation (how long you
plan to stay in your house) and your tax situation (points can
usually be deducted for the tax year that you purchase a
house) may affect your choice of loans.
lock-ins: “Locking in” your rate or points at
the time of application or during the processing of your loan
will keep the rate and/or points from changing until
settlement or closing of the escrow process. Ask your lender
if there is a fee to lock in the rate, and whether the fee
reduces the amount you have to pay for points. Find out how
long the lock-in is good for, what happens if it expires, and
whether the lock-in fee is refundable if your application is
rejected.
tax and insurance payments: Your monthly
mortgage payment will be used to repay the money you borrowed,
plus interest. Part of your monthly payment may be deposited
into an “escrow account” (also known as a “reserve” or
“impound” account) so your lender or servicer can pay your
real estate taxes, property insurance, mortgage insurance
and/or flood insurance. Ask your lender or mortgage broker if
you will be required to set up an escrow or impound account
for taxes and insurance payments.
transfer of your loan: While you may start the
loan process with a lender or mortgage broker, you could find
that, after settlement, another company may be collecting the
payments on your loan. Collecting loan payments is often known
as “servicing” the loan. Your lender or broker will disclose
whether it expects to service your loan or to transfer the
servicing to someone else.
mortgage insurance: Private mortgage insurance
and government mortgage insurance protect the lender against
default and enable the lender to make a loan which the lender
considers a higher risk. Lenders often require mortgage
insurance for loans where the down payment is less than 20% of
the sales price. You may be billed monthly, annually, by an
initial lump sum, or by some combination of these practices
for your mortgage insurance premium. Ask your lender if
mortgage insurance is required and how much it will cost.
Mortgage insurance should not be confused with mortgage life,
credit life or disability insurance, which are designed to pay
off a mortgage in the event of the borrower’s death or
disability.
You may also be offered “lender-paid” mortgage insurance (LPMI).
Under LPMI plans, the lender purchases the mortgage insurance
and pays the premiums to the insurer. The lender will increase
your interest rate to pay for the premiums -- but LPMI may
reduce your settlement costs. You cannot cancel LPMI or
government mortgage insurance during the life of your loan.
However, it may be possible to cancel private mortgage
insurance at some point, such as when your loan balance is
reduced to a certain amount. Before you commit to paying for
mortgage insurance, find out the specific requirements for
cancellation.
flood hazard areas: Most lenders will not lend
you money to buy a home in a flood-hazard area unless you pay
for flood insurance. Some government loan programs will not
allow you to purchase a home that is located in a flood-hazard
area. Your lender may charge you a fee to check for flood
hazards. You should be notified if flood insurance is
required. If a change in flood insurance maps brings your home
within a flood-hazard area after your loan is made, your
lender or servicer may require you to buy flood insurance at
that time.
Selecting a Settlement Agent
Settlement practices vary from locality to locality, and even
within the same county or city. Settlements may be conducted
by lenders, title insurance companies, escrow companies, real
estate brokers or attorneys for the buyer or seller. You may
save money by shopping for the settlement agent.
In some parts of the country (particularly western states),
settlement may be conducted by an escrow agent. The parties
sign an escrow agreement which requires them to provide
certain documents and funds to the agent. Unlike other types
of settlement, the parties do not meet around a table to sign
documents. Ask how your settlement will be handled.
Securing Title Services
Title insurance is usually required by the lender to protect
the lender against loss resulting from claims by others
against your new home. In some states, attorneys offer title
insurance as part of their services in examining title and
providing a title opinion. The attorney's fee may include the
title insurance premium. In other states, a title insurance
company or title agent directly provides the title insurance.
owner’s policy: A lender’s title insurance
policy does not protect you. Similarly, the prior owner’s
policy does not protect you. If you want to protect yourself
from claims by others against your new home, you will need an
owner's policy. When a claim does occur, it can be financially
devastating to an owner who is uninsured. If you buy an
owner's policy, it is usually much less expensive if you buy
it at the same time and with the same insurer as the lender's
policy.
choice of title insurer. Under RESPA, the seller
may not require you, as a condition of the sale, to purchase
title insurance from any particular title company. Generally,
your lender will require title insurance from a company that
is acceptable to it. In most cases you can shop for and choose
a company that meets the lender’s standards.
review initial title report: In many areas, a
few days or weeks before the settlement or closing of the
escrow, the title insurance company will issue a “Commitment
to Insure,” or preliminary report or “binder” containing a
summary of any defects in title which have been identified by
the title search, as well as any exceptions from the title
insurance policy’s coverage. The commitment is usually sent to
the lender for use until the title insurance policy is issued
at or after the settlement. You can arrange to have a copy
sent to you (or to your attorney) so that you can object if
there are matters affecting the title which you did not agree
to accept when you signed the agreement of sale.
coverage and cost savings: To save money on title insurance,
compare rates among various title insurance companies. Ask
what services and limitations on coverage are provided under
each policy so that you can decide whether coverage purchased
at a higher rate may be better for your needs. However, in
many states, title insurance premium rates are established by
the state and may not be negotiable. If you are buying a home
which has changed hands within the last several years, ask
your title company about a "re-issue rate," which would be
cheaper. If you are buying a newly constructed home, make
certain your title insurance covers claims by contractors.
These claims are known as “mechanics’ liens” in some parts of
the country.
survey: Lenders or title insurance companies
often require a survey to mark the boundaries of the property.
A survey is a drawing of the property showing the perimeter
boundaries and marking the location of the house and other
improvements. You may be able to avoid the cost of a complete
survey if you can locate the person who previously surveyed
the property, and simply request an update. Check with your
lender or title insurance company on whether an updated survey
is acceptable.
RESPA Disclosures
One of the purposes of RESPA is to help consumers become
better shoppers for settlement services. RESPA requires that
borrowers receive disclosures at various times. Some
disclosures spell out the costs associated with the
settlement, outline lender servicing and escrow account
practices, and describe business relationships between
settlement service providers.
good-faith estimate of settlement costs: RESPA
requires that, when you apply for a loan, the lender or
mortgage broker give you a "good-faith estimate" of settlement
service charges you will likely have to pay. If you do not get
this good-faith estimate when you apply, the lender or
mortgage broker must mail or deliver it to you within the next
three business days.
Be aware that the amounts listed on the good-faith estimate
are only estimates. Actual costs may vary. Changing market
conditions can affect prices. Remember that the lender's
estimate is not a guarantee. Keep your good-faith estimate so
you can compare it with the final settlement costs, and ask
the lender questions about any changes.
servicing disclosure statement: RESPA requires
the lender or mortgage broker to tell you, in writing, when
you apply for a loan or within the next three business days,
whether it expects that someone else will be servicing your
loan (collecting your payments).
affiliated business arrangements: Sometimes, several
businesses that offer settlement services are owned or
controlled by a common corporate parent. These businesses are
known as “affiliates.” When a lender, real estate broker, or
other participant in your settlement refers you to an
affiliate for a settlement service (such as when a real estate
broker refers you to a mortgage broker affiliate), RESPA
requires the referring party to give you an Affiliated
Business Arrangement Disclosure. This form will remind you
that you are generally not required, with certain exceptions,
to use the affiliate, and are free to shop for other
providers.
HUD-1 Settlement Statement: One business day
before the settlement, you have the right to inspect the HUD-1
Settlement Statement. This statement itemizes the services
provided to you and the fees charged to you. This form is
filled out by the settlement agent who will conduct the
settlement. Be sure you have the name, address, and telephone
number of the settlement agent if you wish to inspect this
form. The fully completed HUD-1 Settlement Statement generally
must be delivered or mailed to you at or before the
settlement. In cases where there is no settlement meeting, the
escrow agent will mail you the HUD-1 after settlement, and you
have the right to inspect it one day before settlement.
escrow account operation and disclosures: Your
lender may require you to establish an escrow or impound
account to insure that your taxes and insurance premiums are
paid on time. If so, you will probably have to pay an initial
amount at the settlement to start the account, and an
additional amount with each month’s regular payment. Your
escrow account payments may include a “cushion” or an extra
amount to ensure that the lender has enough money to make the
payments when due. RESPA limits the amount of the cushion to a
maximum of two months of escrow payments.
At the settlement or within the next 45 days, the person
servicing your loan must give you an initial escrow account
statement. That form will show all of the payments which are
expected to be deposited into the escrow account, and all of
the disbursements which are expected to be made from the
escrow account, during the year ahead. Your lender or servicer
will review the escrow account annually and send you a
disclosure each year, which shows the prior year’s activity,
and any adjustments necessary in the escrow payments that you
will make in the forthcoming year.
Processing Your Loan Application
Here are several federal laws which provide you with
protection during the processing of your loan. The Equal
Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA), the Fair Housing Act, and the
Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) prohibit discrimination and
provide you with the right to certain credit information.
no discrimination: The ECOA prohibits lenders
from discriminating against credit applicants on the basis of
race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status,
age, the fact that all or part of the applicant's income comes
from any public assistance program, or the fact that the
applicant has exercised any right under any federal consumer
credit protection law. To help government agencies monitor
ECOA compliance, your lender or mortgage broker must request
certain information regarding your race, sex, marital status
and age when taking your loan application.
The Fair Housing Act also prohibits discrimination in
residential real estate transactions on the basis of race,
color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status or national
origin. This prohibition applies to both the sale of a home to
you and the decision by a lender to give you a loan to help
pay for that home. Finally, your locality or state may also
have a law which prohibits discrimination.
Frequently, there are differences in the types and amounts of
settlement costs charged to the borrower -- for example, some
borrowers are charged greater fees for mortgages depending on
their credit worthiness. These differences may be justified or
they may be unlawfully discriminatory. It is important that
you examine your settlement documents closely, and do not
hesitate to compare your settlement costs with those of your
friends and neighbors. If you feel you have been discriminated
against by a lender or anyone else in the home-buying process,
you may file a private legal action against that person, or
complain to a state, local or federal administrative agency.
You may want to talk to an attorney, or you may want to ask
the federal agency that enforces ECOA (the Board of Governors
of the Federal Reserve System) or the Fair Housing Act (HUD)
about your rights under these laws.
prompt action/notification of action taken: Your
lender or mortgage broker must act on your application and
inform you of the action taken no later than 30 days after it
receives your completed application. Your application will not
be considered complete, and the 30-day period will not begin,
until you provide to your lender or mortgage broker all of the
material and information requested.
statement of reasons for denial: If your
application is denied, the ECOA requires your lender or
mortgage broker to give you a statement of the specific
reasons why it denied your application, or tell you how you
can obtain such a statement. The notice will also tell you
which federal agency to contact if you think the lender or
mortgage broker has illegally discriminated against you.
obtaining your credit report: The Fair Credit
Reporting Act (FCRA) requires a lender or mortgage broker that
denies your loan application to tell you whether it based its
decision on information contained in your credit report. If
that information was a reason for the denial, the notice will
tell you where you can get a free copy of the credit report.
You have the right to dispute the accuracy or completeness of
any information in your credit report. If you dispute any
information, the credit reporting agency that prepared the
report must investigate, free of charge, and notify you of the
results of the investigation.
obtaining your appraisal: The lender needs to know if
the value of your home is enough to secure the loan. To get
this information, the lender typically hires an appraiser, who
gives a professional opinion about the value of your home. The
ECOA requires your lender or mortgage broker to tell you that
you have a right to get a copy of the appraisal report. The
notice will also tell you how and when you can ask for a copy.
RESPA Protection Against Illegal Referral Fees
The ESPA was enacted because the U.S. Congress felt that
consumers needed protection from "unnecessarily high
settlement charges caused by certain abusive practices that
have developed in some areas of the country." Some of the
practices Congress was concerned about are discussed below.
Most professionals in the settlement business provide good
service and do not engage in these practices.
prohibited fees: It is illegal under RESPA for
anyone to pay or receive a fee, kickback or anything of value
because they agree to refer settlement service business to a
particular person or organization. For example, your mortgage
lender is not allowed to pay your real estate broker $250 for
referring you to the lender. It is also illegal for anyone to
accept a fee or part of a fee for services if that person has
not actually performed settlement services for the fee. For
example, a lender may not add to a third party’s fee, such as
an appraisal fee, and keep the difference.
permitted payments: RESPA does not prevent title
companies, mortgage brokers, appraisers, attorneys,
settlement/closing agents and others who actually perform a
service in connection with the mortgage loan or the
settlement, from being paid for the reasonable value of their
work. If a participant in your settlement appears to be taking
a fee without having done any work, you should advise that
person or company of the RESPA referral-fee prohibitions. You
may also speak with your attorney or complain to a regulator.
penalties: It is a crime for someone to pay or
receive an illegal referral fee. The penalty can be a fine,
imprisonment, or both. You may be entitled to recover three
times the amount of the charge for any settlement service by
bringing a private lawsuit. If you are successful, the court
may also award you court costs and your attorney’s fees.
private lawsuits: If you have a problem, the
best place to have it fixed is at its source (the lender,
settlement agent, broker, etc.). If that approach fails and
you think you have suffered because of a violation of RESPA,
ECOA, or any other law, you may be entitled to sue in a
federal or state court. This is a matter you should discuss
with your attorney.
government agencies: Most settlement service providers are
supervised by a governmental agency at the local, state and/or
federal level. Your state’s Attorney General may have a
consumer affairs division. If you feel that a provider of
settlement services has violated RESPA or any other law, you
can complain to that agency or association. You may also send
a copy of your complaint to the HUD Office of Consumer and
Regulatory Affairs.
servicing errors: If you have a question at any
time during the life of your loan, RESPA requires the company
collecting your loan payments (your “servicer”) to respond to
you. Write to your servicer and call it a “qualified written
request under Section 6 of RESPA.” A “qualified written
request” should be a separate letter and not mailed with the
payment coupon. Describe the problem and include your name and
account number. The servicer must investigate and make
appropriate corrections within 60 business days.
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